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The scientific method is one of the most basic and essential concepts across the sciences, ensuring that investigations are carried out with precision and thoroughness. The scientific method is typically taught as a step-by-step approach, but real examples from history are not always given. This book teaches the basic modes of scientific thought, not by philosophical generalizations, but by illustrating in detail how great scientists from across the sciences solved problems using scientific reason. Examples include Christopher Columbus, Joseph Priestly, Antoine Lavoisier, Michael Faraday, W

Science --- Methodology. --- History. --- Scientific method --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical

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This collection surveys two aspects of contemporary philosophy of science: the methods of physical science and crucial aspects of foundational theories of physics. Part 1 explores the methodological topics, scientific explanation, probabilistic explanation, laws of nature, interpretation of theories, the structure of physical theories, and evolution and revolution in scientific change. In part 2 the studies of foundational physics explore contemporary theories of space and time, quantum theories of fields, and statistical mechanics.

Science --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Scientific method --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Methodology. --- Philosophy. --- Methodology --- Philosophy

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Descartes's A Discourse on the Method of Correctly Conducting One's Reason and Seeking the Truth in the Sciences marks a watershed in European thought; in it, the author provides an informal intellectual autobiography in the vernacular for a non-specialist readership, sweeps away all previous philosophical traditions, and sets out in brief his radical new philosophy. - ;'I concluded that I was a substance whose whole essence or nature resides only in thinking, and which, in order to exist, has no need of place and is not dependent on any material thing.'. Descartes's A Discourse on the Method

Methodology. --- Science --- Scientific method --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Philosophy --- Research --- Methodology --- Humanities Methodology

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Crude materialism, reduction of mind to body, extreme individualism. All products of a 17th century scientific inheritance which looks at the parts of our existence at the expense of the whole.Cutting through myths of scientific omnipotence, Mary Midgley explores how this inheritance has so powerfully shaped the way we are, and the problems it has brought with it. She argues that poetry and the arts can help reconcile these problems, and counteract generations of 'one-eyed specialists', unable and unwilling to look beyond their own scientific or literary sphere.Dawkins, Atkins, Bacon a

Science --- Scientific method --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Philosophy. --- Methodology. --- Methodology --- Philosophy

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What is it to be scientific? Is there such a thing as scientific method? And if so, how might such methods be justified? Robert Nola and Howard Sankey seek to provide answers to these fundamental questions in their exploration of the major recent theories of scientific method. Although for many scientists their understanding of method is something they just “pick up”; in the course of being trained, Nola and Sankey argue that it is possible to be explicit about what this tacit understanding of method is, rather than leave it as some unfathomable mystery. They robustly defend the idea that there is such a thing as scientific method and show how this might be legitimated. The book begins with the question of what methodology might mean and explores the notions of values, rules and principles, before investigating how methodologists have sought to show that our scientific methods are rational. Part 2 of the book sets out some principles of inductive method and examines its alternatives including abduction, IBE, and hypothetico-deductivism. Part 3 introduces probabilistic modes of reasoning, particularly Bayesianism in its various guises, and shows how it is able to give an account of many of the values and rules of method. Part 4 considers the ideas of philosophers who have proposed distinctive theories of method such as Popper, Lakatos, Kuhn and Feyerabend and Part 5 continues this theme by considering philosophers who have proposed “naturalised”; theories of method such as Quine, Laudan and Rescher. The book offers readers a comprehensive introduction to the idea of scientific method and a wide-ranging discussion of how historians of science, philosophers of science and scientists have grappled with the question over the last fifty years.

Science --- Scientific method --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Methodology. --- Methodology --- Science - Methodology.